According to the theory of molecular motion, when the liquid is heated, the molecules close to the heating surface continuously gain kinetic energy. When the kinetic energy of some molecules is greater than the gravitational force between liquid molecules, these molecules will escape from the liquid surface and become free molecules, which is the vaporization of molecules. Therefore, the evaporation of the solution needs to continuously provide heat energy to the solution to maintain the continuous vaporization of the molecules; on the other hand, the vapor above the liquid level must be removed in time, otherwise the vapor and the solution will gradually become balanced and the vaporization will not proceed continuously. For the evaporation of a solution with a higher boiling point, a high-temperature heat carrier such as heat transfer oil, molten salt, etc. can be used as the heating medium, or the flue gas can be used for direct heating.

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